Vol. 7, Issue 1, Part A (2025)

Background and Aim: It is well known that the global prevalence and incidence of T2DM is experiencing a rapidly emerging epidemic, increasing two to three times in the last few years. Several risk factors, including female sex, maternal diabetes or gestational diabetes, ethnicity, family history and severe obesity, cause a lower age of onset. Background and Aim: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) as markers of the oxidative stress in Iraqi patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and correlate with the G972R single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the insulin receptor (ISR)-1 gene. Methods: This study was conducted in the Babylon province from September 1, 2023 to March 30, 2024. The study had a total of 90 subjects: 50 patients with type 2 diabetes and 40 healthy controls, who were recruited through relatives of hospital patients and through hospital staff, who were without diabetes. The two research cohorts were matched by age. From blood samplesخذ of all the groups, the following parameters were measured: Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) as an indicator of oxidative stress. Genotyping analysis of G972R SNP PCR-RFLP. Results: The mean serum TAOC in the T2DM group was significantly lower than that of the control group (32.21±3.12 U/ml vs. 52.22±4.76 U/ml). This indicates that there is a massive difference between the groups. The inverse relationships between TAOC and HbA1c were also statistically significant in the T2DM group.

Results: Following the analysis of the G972R SNP using the restriction enzyme MvaI, the RR genotype generates 212, 31 bp bands, the GG genotype generates only 243 bp bands, and the GR genotype generates 243, 212, 31 bp bands.

Conclusion: this study showed a significant relation between increasing oxidative stress and decreasing TAOC with the incidence of T2DM in Iraqi sample through the genetic alteration in Rearrangement (G972R SNP) of ISR-1 gene.